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Tibesti Mountains, Chad

Tibesti Mountains, Chad

Tibesti Mountains are located in the northern part of Chad and are bordered with southern Libya. The highest peak of the range is Emi Koussi that has a height of 3,445 and is also the highest point for both Sahara and Chad. The Tibesti Mountains have five shield volcanoes namely Tarso Voon, Tarso Yega, Tousside, Emi Kousii and Tarso Toon. The name “Tibesti” means, “where the mountain people live” as referred to by the Toubou people. The settlements found on the Tibesti Mountain are the Toubou community living near the wadis, where only limited vegetation grows including grass and palm trees. The community uses the water collected in gueltas as the amount of rainfall varies each year. People here depend on the plateaus for gazing their domesticated animals in winter and during summers, they use the plateau land for harvesting grain.

The flora of the mountain comprises mainly of Saharomontane that is a mixture of Sahel, Afromontane, Sahara and Mediterranean. The vegetation on the Tibesti Mountains is highly dependent on the amount of rainfall. Several gueltas consists of macrophytes that include Scirpus holoschoenus, Equisetum ramosissium, Cyperus laevigatus and juncus fontanesii. At the edge of the Tibesti mountain where the canyon finishes lays the doum plants. The fauna of the mountains includes large mammals such as Barbary sheep, Rhim gazelle, Addax, and rodents that include Balochistan gerbil, Agag gerbil and Cairo spiny mouse.

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